1. 死亡风险降低31%,Keytruda食管癌3期数据正式公布
2019年1月14日,默沙东(MSD)宣布首次发表KEYNOTE-181的结果,这是一项研究抗PD-1疗法Keytruda作为单药二线治疗晚期或转移性食管或食管胃交界癌的3期试验。在这项关键性研究中,Keytruda显著改善了标准治疗后进展的鳞状细胞癌或腺癌患者的总生存期(OS),其肿瘤表达PD-L1(综合阳性分数[CPS]≥10)。与化疗(紫杉醇,多西紫杉醇或伊立替康)相比,死亡风险降低31%(HR=0.69 [95% CI,0.52-0.93]; p=0.0074)。这是抗PD-1疗法首次在该患者群体证明生存获益。
2. 一线治疗晚期胃癌,信达宣布抗PD-1抗体3期试验完成首例患者给药
2019年1月16日,信达生物宣布3期临床试验(ORIENT-16)完成首例患者给药。该试验旨在评估Tyvyt(全人源PD-1治疗性单克隆抗体,通用名:sintilimab注射液)与卡培他滨和奥沙利铂联合一线治疗晚期,复发或转移性胃或胃食管连接腺癌(GC或GEJ)患者的疗效。Tyvyt是由信达生物和礼来(Eli Lilly and Company)在中国共同开发的一种创新药物。
3. 信达宣布CD47单抗1期试验完成首例患者给药
2019年1月14日, 信达生物宣布首名患者成功在抗CD47单克隆抗体(IBI188)治疗晚期恶性肿瘤患者的1期临床试验中完成给药。该研究是在中国进行的1期临床研究,主要目的是评估IBI188作为单药治疗的安全性,耐受性和2期推荐剂量,并与治疗晚期恶性肿瘤的其他药物联合使用的效果。
4. 探索天然杀伤细胞疗法的组合疗法,NantKwest启动默克尔细胞癌2期试验
NantKwest公司是一家领先的临床阶段天然杀伤细胞疗法公司,2019年1月9日,其宣布在治疗默克尔细胞癌(MCC)方面推出一项新的三联组合2期临床试验。NantKwest的2期免疫治疗试验建立在该公司早期的2期单一组合研究的基础上,该研究使用其专有的现成aNK TM天然杀伤细胞疗法和IL-15/Fc超级激动剂(N-803),在7名患者中有3名患者出现客观缓解。在这项新的临床试验中,患者将接受以上两种疗法与PD-L1抑制剂avelumab的联合治疗。
5. Mirati与百时美施贵宝合作开展肺癌3期试验,评估免疫组合疗法
2019年1月7日,Mirati Therapeutics,一家临床阶段靶向肿瘤学公司,宣布与百时美施贵宝(Bristol-Myers Squibb)公司进行临床合作,进行评估sitravatinib和nivolumab(Opdivo)的组合疗法二线治疗非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的3期试验,这些患者在使用铂基治疗方案和检查点抑制剂治疗后疾病继续恶化。3期临床试验的最终分析的主要终点是总生存率。“我们在检查点抑制剂难治性NSCLC患者中进行的sitravatinib和nivolumab的2期临床试验显示出良好的活性和良好的安全耐受性,”Mirati总裁兼首席执行官,Charles Baum博士说:“该试验预计将用于支持sitravatinib治疗NSCLC患者的新药申请(NDA)。”
6. PrimeVax Immuno-Oncology获得FDA的IND许可,开展黑色素瘤临床试验
2019年1月7日,PrimeVax Immuno-Oncology宣布该公司已成功获得FDA的IND许可,开始进行首次人体临床试验。PrimeVax正在通过结合病毒诱导的免疫刺激和树突细胞疗法将一种新的治疗方法推向临床。这项临床试验计划针对标准治疗后转移的黑色素瘤患者。
原标题:盘点 | 一文看懂肿瘤免疫疗法六大最新进展(第18期)
参考资料:
[1] Merck’s KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab) Reduced Risk of Death by 31 Percent Compared to Chemotherapy in Previously Treated Patients with Advanced Esophageal or Esophagogastric Junction Carcinoma Whose Tumors Expressed PD-L1 (CPS ≥10), Retrieved Jan 16 2019, from https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190114005813/en/Merck%E2%80%99s-KEYTRUDA%C2%AE-pembrolizumab-Reduced-Risk-Death-31
[2] Innovent Announces First Patient Dosed in a Phase III Clinical Trial of Anti-PD-1 Antibody Tyvyt® (Sintilimab injection) as First-line Treatment for Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer, Retrieved Jan 16 2019, from https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/innovent-announces-first-patient-dosed-in-a-phase-iii-clinical-trial-of-anti-pd-1-antibody-tyvyt-sintilimab-injection-as-first-line-treatment-for-patients-with-advanced-gastric-cancer-300779446.html
[3] Innovent Announces First Patient Dosed in a Phase I Clinical Trial of Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody, Retrieved Jan 14 2019, from https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/innovent-announces-first-patient-dosed-in-a-phase-i-clinical-trial-of-anti-cd47-monoclonal-antibody-300777635.html
[4] NantKwest Announces Launch of Merkel Cell Carcinoma Phase II Trial Deploying Novel Triple Combination of off-the-Shelf Natural Killer haNKⓇ Cell Therapy with Superagonist IL-15 Cytokine Therapy and PD-L1 Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy Retrieved Jan 9 2019, from https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190109005307/en/NantKwest-Announces-Launch-Merkel-Cell-Carcinoma-Phase
[5] Mirati Announces Clinical Collaboration With Bristol-Myers Squibb For The Planned Phase 3 Trial In Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer To Evaluate Sitravatinib In Combination With Nivolumab (OPDIVO®),Retrieved Jan 7. 2019, from https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/mirati-announces-clinical-collaboration-with-bristol-myers-squibb-for-the-planned-phase-3-trial-in-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-to-evaluate-sitravatinib-in-combination-with-nivolumab-opdivo-300773569.html
[6] PrimeVax Immuno-Oncology Receives IND Permission From FDA, Retrieved Jan 7. 2019, from https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/primevax-immuno-oncology-receives-ind-permission-from-fda-300773453.html
[7] Inovio's DNA-Encoded Monoclonal Antibody (dMAb™) Platform Leaps Forward with First-in-Human Trial,Retrieved Jan 15. 2019, from https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/inovios-dna-encoded-monoclonal-antibody-dmab-platform-leaps-forward-with-first-in-human-trial-300773512.html